Noise

Noise can be defined as any undesired disturbance, be it man-made or natural. It can occur in any dymanic electrical or electronic system. It may take the form in the atmospheric cased by the immense energy of the sun or it may be something as trivial as thermal associated with a carbon resistor. What ever the source, it is an obstacle that man has been trying to overcome since time began.

TYPES

Basically, you should be conerned with two types!

THERMAL

and

SHOT

THERMAL- In any conducting medium whose temperature is above absolute zero (0 Kelvin), the random voltages and currents.

These voltages and currents produce DISTURBANCE! As the temperature of the conductor increae, the random motion and the velocity of the charge cariers increase and the voltage increases.

SHOT- This type is common to the particle-like nature of the charge carriers. It is often thought that a DC current flow in any semiconductor material is constant at every instant. Since the current flow is made up of individual electrons and holes, it is only the time-average flow of these charge carriers that is seen as a constant current.

Any fluctuation in the number of charge carriers at any instant produces a ,b>random current change at that instant. This random current change

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